ایران
IranContext sobre Iran
La República Islàmica de l'Iran, anomenat simplement l'Iran, és un país de l'Orient Mitjà. Fins al 1935 va ser conegut com a Pèrsia. Fa frontera amb els següents països: Turkmenistan, l'Afganistan i Pakistan a l'est; Iraq, Turquia, Azerbaidjan i Armènia a l'oest. Al nord és banyat pel mar Caspi i al sud pel Golf Pèrsic, del qual forma part l'estret d'Hormuz. Està dividit en 30 províncies. Parts de l'actual territori de l'Iran va ser l'origen de diferents imperis de l'antiguitat: l'imperi mede, l'imperi Persa aquemènida, l'imperi part i l'imperi Sassànida (vegeu imperi Persa per un panorama històric).
Més sobre Iran
- Moneda Rial iranià
- Nom natiu ایران
- Codi de trucada +98
- Domini d'Internet .ir
- Mains voltage 220V/50Hz
- Democracy index 2.2
- Població 86758304
- Àrea 1648195
- costat de conducció right
- Stay safeStay safeLlegeix menys
WARNING: Iran treats drug offences extremely severely. The death penalty is statutory for those convicted of trafficking or manufacturing of any drug and following a third conviction for drug possession.
Government travel advisories(Information last updated Aug 2019)Canada New ZealandIran is still a relatively low-crime country, although thefts and muggings occur. Keep your wits about you, and take the usual precautions against pickpockets in crowded bazaars and buses.
Although its strict Islamic moral code is well known, Iranian laws are not as strict as those of Saudi Arabia. Respecting the dozens of unspoken rules and regulations of Iranian life can be a daunting prospect for travellers, but don't be intimidated. As a foreigner you will be given leeway and it doesn't take long to acclimatise yourself.
Perceptions of outsidersEven though travellers may arrive with the image of a throng chanting "Death to America", the chances of Westerners facing anti-Western sentiment as a traveller are slim. Even hardline Iranians make a clear distinction between the Western governments they distrust and individual travellers who visit their country. Americans may receive the odd jibe about their government's policies, but usually nothing more serious than that. However, it is always best to err on the side of caution and avoid politically-oriented conversations, particularly in taxi cabs. In addition, a few Iranian-Americans have been detained and accused of espionage, as were three American hikers in 2009 who allegedly strayed across into Iran from Iraqi Kurdistan. These kind of incidents are rare, but still the broader implications are worth considering and bearing in mind.
Photography
The best time for photography in Iran is during festivals, like Mourning of Muharram.There are a lot of military and other sensitive facilities in Iran. Photography near military and other government installations is strictly prohibited. Any transgression may result in detention and serious criminal charges, including espionage, which can carry the death penalty. Do not photograph any military object, jails, harbours, or telecommunication devices, airports or other objects and facilities which you suspect are military in nature. Be aware that this rule is taken very seriously in Iran.
WomenFemale travellers should not encounter any major problems when visiting Iran, as long as they obey the local laws – including those on dressing. You will undoubtedly be the subject of at least some unwanted attention.
If you are married to an Iranian, you are subject to Iranian marital laws: you cannot leave the country unless your (former) husband approves. Divorces that have taken place in other countries are not recognised by Iran.
LGBT travellersIranian dual citizens WARNING: The legal abhorrence against homosexuals is far-reaching in Iran. Homosexual activities are punishable by death. Individuals or couples fitting in this category should exercise full caution when visiting Iran.If you are regarded Iranian – such as because of dual citizenship, having an Iranian father or being married to an Iranian – your foreign nationality will be ignored by the authorities. If you are arrested, your embassy is not contacted and has little ability to help.
EmergenciesEmergency services are extensive in Iran, and response times are very good compared to other local regions.
Local police control centre, ☏ 110. it is probably easiest to phone 110, as the local police have direct contact with other emergency services, and will probably be the only number with English-speaking operators.Other emergency services are also available.
Ambulance, ☏ 115. Fire and Rescue team, ☏ 125. these numbers are frequently answered by the Ambulance or Fire crew operating from them, there is little guarantee these men will speak English. Rescue and Relief Hotline of the Iranian Red Crescent Society, ☏ 112. Road status information, ☏ 141.Natural disasters EarthquakesBecause of Iran's highly mountainous geography, Iran is prone to earthquakes. 90% of the country is situated on major fault lines, which means that earthquakes occur regularly.
Do not despair though; most of these earthquakes have magnitudes less than 4. Anything greater than 4 is a cause of concern.
The Iranian Seismological Centre maintains a seismic map that is updated every 24 hours. The Iranian Seismological Centre maintains a detailed record of all the earthquakes that have happened. You can look at it here.Other safety issuesIn particular, the tourist centre of Isfahan has had problems with muggings of foreigners in unlicensed taxis, and fake police making random checks of tourists' passports. Only use official taxis, and never allow 'officials' to make impromptu searches of your belongings.
Iranian traffic is congested and chaotic. Guidelines are lax and rarely followed. Pedestrians are advised to exercise caution when crossing the roads, and even greater care when driving on them - Iranian drivers tend to overtake along pavements and any section of the road where there is space. In general, it is not recommended for inexperienced foreigners to drive in Iran. Watch out for joobs (جوب), the open storm water drains that shoulder every road and are easy to miss when walking in the dark.
Travellers should avoid the southeastern area of Iran, particularly the province of Sistan va Baluchistan. The drug trade thrives based on smuggling heroin from Afghanistan. There is plenty of associated robbery, kidnapping and murder. Some cities, such as Zahedan, Zabol and Mirjaveh are particularly dangerous, although not every place in this region is dangerous. Chahbahar, which is close to the Pakistani border, is a very calm and friendly city.
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