Italia

Italien

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Context of Italien

Italien (italiensk: Italia, officielt Den Italienske Republik (italiensk: Repubblica Italiana) er en republik i det sydlige Europa ved Middelhavet. Det har grænse med Frankrig i vest, Schweiz og Østrig i nord og Slovenien i øst. Italien omslutter desuden to småstater og enklaver i Italien: Vatikanstaten, der ligger i Rom, og San Marino, der ligger i Apenninerne omtrent midtvejs mellem Rom og Venedig. Italien har et samlet areal på 301.338 km², heraf landareal 294.140 km², og et mildt, tempereret middelhavsklima. På grund af landets form kaldes det Støvlelandet (på Italiensk: lo Stivale, "Støvlen").

De omkring 61 millioner indbyggere er de fjerdestørste blandt den Europæiske Unions medlemslande. Italien var opdelt i række småstater, men blev i 1861 samlet i et kongerige under Sardiniens konge Victor Emanuel 2.