中华人民共和国

Hiina

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Context of Hiina

Hiina Rahvavabariik (lühendatult Hiina RV või Hiina; hiina keeles 中华人民共和国 (Zhōnghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó)) on riik Ida-Aasias. See hõlmab suurema osa kultuurilisest, ajaloolisest ja geograafilisest Hiinast. Alates riigi asutamisest 1949 on seda juhtinud Hiina Kommunistlik Partei.

Hiina on maailma rahvarikkaim riik ja selle rahvaarv ületab 1,4 miljardit inimest, kellest enamik on hiinlased. Pindalalt on Hiina maailmas neljas.

Alates 2010. aastast on riigi majandus SKP järgi maailmas suuruselt teine ning alates 2014. aastast ollakse ostujõu pariteedi alusel maailma suurim majandus.

Hiinal on pikim maismaa piir, Yalu jõe suudmest Tongkingi laheni on selle pikkus 22 147 km. Hiina piirneb 14 riigiga, millega ta jagab maailma riikide seas koos Venemaaga esikohta. Hiina naaberriigid on Afganistan, Bhutan, India, Kasahstan, Kõrgõzstan, Laos, Mongoolia, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Põhja-Korea, Tadžikistan, Venemaa ja Vietnam.