Lindt

Chocoladefabriken Lindt & Sprüngli AG, doing business as Lindt, is a Swiss chocolatier and confectionery company founded in 1845 and known for its chocolate truffles and chocolate bars, among other sweets. It is based in Kilchberg, where its main factory and museum are located. Lindt is one of the largest Swiss chocolate manufacturers.

Founding and early years
 
 
Rodolphe Lindt (left) and David Sprüngli, founders

The origins of the company date back to 1836, when David Sprüngli (1776–1862) and his son Rudolf Sprüngli-Ammann (1816–1897)[1]bought a small confectionery shop in the old town of Zürich, producing chocolates under the name David Sprüngli & Son. Before they moved to Paradeplatz in 1845, they established a small factory where they produced their chocolate in solidified form in 1838.

When Rudolf Sprüngli-Ammann retired in 1892, he gave two equal parts of the business to his sons. The younger brother David Robert received two confectionery stores that became known under the name Confiserie Sprüngli. The elder brother Johann Rudolf received the chocolate factory. To raise the necessary finances for his expansion plans, Johann Rudolf then converted his private company into "Chocolat Sprüngli AG" in 1899. In that same year, he acquired the chocolate factory of Rodolphe Lindt (1855–1909) in Bern[2]and the company changed its name to "Aktiengesellschaft Vereinigte Berner und Zürcher Chocoladefabriken Lindt & Sprüngli" (United Bern and Zurich Lindt and Sprungli Chocolate Factory Ltd.).[3]

In 1934, Lindt started to produce milk chocolate. Before, it only produced dark chocolate.[4]

Expansion

In 1994, Lindt & Sprüngli acquired the Austrian chocolatier Hofbauer Österreich and integrated it, along with its Küfferle brand, into the company. In 1997 and 1998, respectively, the company acquired the Italian chocolatier Caffarel and the American chocolatier Ghirardelli,[5][6] and integrated both of them into the company as wholly-owned subsidiaries. Since then, Lindt & Sprüngli has expanded the once-regional Ghirardelli to the international market.

On 17 March 2009, Lindt announced the closure of fifty of its eighty retail boutiques in the United States because of weaker demand in the wake of the late-2000s recession.[7]

Recent developments

On July 14, 2014, Lindt bought Russell Stover Candies, maker of Whitman's Chocolate, for about $1 billion, the company's largest acquisition to date.[8]

In November 2018, Lindt opened its first American travel retail store in JFK Airport's Terminal 1 and its flagship Canadian shop in Yorkdale Shopping Centre, Toronto.[9][10]

In response to Russia's invasion of Ukraine, Lindt announced that it would halt commercial operations in Russia on a temporary basis.[11]

In 2023, Lindt partners with ChoViva, a German cocoa-free chocolate brand, and launches vegan chocolates using oats and sunflower seeds.[12]

^ Squicciarini, Mara P. (2016). The Economics of Chocolate. Oxford University Press. ^ "The pioneers of Switzerland's 'Chocolate Revolution'". swissinfo.ch. 13 December 2017. ^ "Story of Lindt". LindtUSA. Archived from the original on 19 July 2017. Retrieved 20 November 2016. ^ "About Lindt". Archived from the original on 27 May 2022. Retrieved 21 May 2022. ^ "Spotlight: Ghirardelli Chocolate Co. Is Sold Again". Los Angeles Times. 13 January 1998. Archived from the original on 24 June 2021. Retrieved 19 June 2020. ^ "Ghirardelli Chocolate Sold". AP NEWS. Archived from the original on 24 June 2021. Retrieved 19 June 2020. ^ Wiggins, Jenny (17 March 2009). "Lindt closes lid on most of its US stores". Financial Times. Archived from the original on 10 December 2022. Retrieved 3 January 2016.(subscription required) ^ MacLucas, Neil (14 July 2014). "Lindt & Spruengli to Buy Russell Stover Candies". Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on 25 October 2017. Retrieved 24 October 2017.(subscription required) ^ Madden, Chris (29 November 2018). "Lindt & Sprüngli Travel Retail sees sales jump as Master Chocolatiers debut in US". DFNI Online. Archived from the original on 4 December 2018. Retrieved 3 December 2018. ^ DeMontis, Rita (28 November 2018). "Lindt flagship store lands at Yorkdale". Canoe.com. Archived from the original on 4 December 2018. Retrieved 3 December 2018. ^ FT Reporters (10 March 2022). "Stay or go? Western consumer brands wrestle with Russian dilemma". THE FINANCIAL TIMES LTD. Financial Times. Archived from the original on 10 December 2022. Retrieved 12 June 2022. ^ "Lindt Partners With Cocoa-Free Chocolate Brand ChoViva to Launch New Vegan Bar". vegconomist. 21 December 2023.
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