古希腊
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Carole Raddato from FRANKFURT, Germany - CC BY-SA 2.0
Carole Raddato from FRANKFURT, Germany - CC BY-SA 2.0
Carole Raddato from FRANKFURT, Germany - CC BY-SA 2.0
Carole Raddato from FRANKFURT, Germany - CC BY-SA 2.0
Carole Raddato from FRANKFURT, Germany - CC BY-SA 2.0
Carole Raddato from FRANKFURT, Germany - CC BY-SA 2.0
Carole Raddato from FRANKFURT, Germany - CC BY-SA 2.0
Carole Raddato from FRANKFURT, Germany - CC BY-SA 2.0
Carole Raddato from FRANKFURT, Germany - CC BY-SA 2.0
Carole Raddato from FRANKFURT, Germany - CC BY-SA 2.0
Carole Raddato from FRANKFURT, Germany - CC BY-SA 2.0
Carole Raddato from FRANKFURT, Germany - CC BY-SA 2.0
Carole Raddato from FRANKFURT, Germany - CC BY-SA 2.0
Carole Raddato from FRANKFURT, Germany - CC BY-SA 2.0
Carole Raddato from FRANKFURT, Germany - CC BY-SA 2.0
Carole Raddato from FRANKFURT, Germany - CC BY-SA 2.0
Carole Raddato from FRANKFURT, Germany - CC BY-SA 2.0
Carole Raddato from FRANKFURT, Germany - CC BY-SA 2.0
Carole Raddato from FRANKFURT, Germany - CC BY-SA 2.0
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Carole Raddato from FRANKFURT, Germany - CC BY-SA 2.0
Carole Raddato from FRANKFURT, Germany - CC BY-SA 2.0
Carole Raddato from FRANKFURT, Germany - CC BY-SA 2.0
Steve Swayne - CC BY 2.0
Carole Raddato from FRANKFURT, Germany - CC BY-SA 2.0
Carole Raddato from FRANKFURT, Germany - CC BY-SA 2.0
Carole Raddato from FRANKFURT, Germany - CC BY-SA 2.0
Carole Raddato from FRANKFURT, Germany - CC BY-SA 2.0
Carole Raddato from FRANKFURT, Germany - CC BY-SA 2.0
Carole Raddato from FRANKFURT, Germany - CC BY-SA 2.0
Mulazimoglu at Turkish Wikipedia - Public domain
Carole Raddato from FRANKFURT, Germany - CC BY-SA 2.0
Carole Raddato from FRANKFURT, Germany - CC BY-SA 2.0
Carole Raddato from FRANKFURT, Germany - CC BY-SA 2.0
Carole Raddato from FRANKFURT, Germany - CC BY-SA 2.0
Carole Raddato from FRANKFURT, Germany - CC BY-SA 2.0
Carole Raddato from FRANKFURT, Germany - CC BY-SA 2.0
Jean-Pierre Dalbéra from Paris, France - CC BY 2.0
Carole Raddato from FRANKFURT, Germany - CC BY-SA 2.0
Carole Raddato from FRANKFURT, Germany - CC BY-SA 2.0
Carole Raddato from FRANKFURT, Germany - CC BY-SA 2.0
Carole Raddato from FRANKFURT, Germany - CC BY-SA 2.0
Carole Raddato from FRANKFURT, Germany - CC BY-SA 2.0
Carole Raddato from FRANKFURT, Germany - CC BY-SA 2.0
Carole Raddato from FRANKFURT, Germany - CC BY-SA 2.0
Carole Raddato from FRANKFURT, Germany - CC BY-SA 2.0
Carole Raddato from FRANKFURT, Germany - CC BY-SA 2.0
Carole Raddato from FRANKFURT, Germany - CC BY-SA 2.0
Carole Raddato from FRANKFURT, Germany - CC BY-SA 2.0
Carole Raddato from FRANKFURT, Germany - CC BY-SA 2.0
Carole Raddato from FRANKFURT, Germany - CC BY-SA 2.0
Carole Raddato from FRANKFURT, Germany - CC BY-SA 2.0
Carole Raddato from FRANKFURT, Germany - CC BY-SA 2.0
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上下文 古希腊
古希腊（古希臘語：Ἑλλάς，羅馬化：Hellás）泛指愛琴海一帶在羅馬人和基督教進入前的古文明。其大部分時期并非統一勢力，文化繁榮的經典時期為一些城邦百家爭鳴的狀態。
早在約公元前三千紀，愛琴海地區就孕育了燦爛的米諾斯文明（或稱克里特文明），約公元前16世紀被邁錫尼文明取代，文明中心從克里特島轉向了希臘大陸。約公元前1200年，多利安人入侵毀滅了邁錫尼文明，希臘歷史進入所謂「黑暗時代」。在公元前九世纪末期，海上贸易再次兴盛，新的城邦国家纷纷建立。公元前5世紀初在雅典与斯巴达领导下，希臘城邦聯軍在兩次波希战争戰勝波斯帝國。此時希臘文明進入了最高峰，古典哲學，科技，藝術以及民主政治快速發展，獲称為「黄金时期」（伯里克利在位）。
伯羅奔尼撒戰爭結束了雅典民主制以及提洛同盟，希臘各城邦進入混戰。公元前4世紀末馬其頓國王亚历山大大帝征服希臘地區后，古希臘文化得以播遷到埃及、新月沃土與印度河流域的廣大地區，稱為希臘化時期。由于古希腊文明在地中海世界的重大影響，其文化還被古羅馬吸收并带到欧洲的许多地区。因此一般认为古希腊文明为西方文明打下了基础。
