Construction on the mosque began in 1558 and ended in 1559, according to an inscription on the exterior of the mosque.[1] During this period, Bangladesh had a string of Afghani rulers. The Kusumba mosque was built under one of the last Suri rulers, named Ghiyasuddin Bahadur Shah.[1] The actual construction of the mosque was overseen by a high-ranking official named Sulaiman. Although the mosque was built under the Suri rule, the architectural pattern was not influenced by earlier Suri architecture of North India.[1] Instead, the mosque was built in the style of other Bangladeshi mosques[2] The Kusumba Mosque went on to serve as inspiration for other mosques in Bangladesh and Myanmar.[1]